Semeru also Mount Semeru or Gunung Semeru - located in East Java is the highest mountain on the island of Java, Indonesia and one of its most active volcanoes.
Known also as Mahameru the (Great Mountain), it is very steep rising abruptly above the coastal plains of eastern Java. Maars containing crater lakes have formed along a line through the summit. Semeru lies at the south end of the Tengger Volcanic Complex.
Semeru's eruptive history is extensive. Since 1818, at least 55 eruptions have been recorded (10 of which resulted in fatalities) consisting of both lava flows and pyroclastic flows. Moderate explosive eruptions (VEI 2-3) have also been recorded with some regularity.
Semeru has been in a state of near-constant eruption from 1967 to the present. At times, small eruptions happen every 10 minutes or so.
Semeru is regularly climbed by tourists, usually starting from the village of Ranu Pane to the north, but though non-technical it can be dangerous. Soe Hok Gie, an Indonesian political activist of the 1960s died in 1969 from inhaling poisonous gases while hiking on Mount Semeru.
Semeru is named from Sumeru, the central world-mountain in Buddhist cosmology. In legend it was transplanted from India; the tale is recorded in the 16th-century East Javanese work Tantu Panggelaran. It was originally placed in the western part of the island, but that caused the island to tip, so it was moved eastward. On that journey, parts kept coming off the lower rim, forming the mountains Lawu, Wilis, Kelut, Kawi, Arjuno and Welirang. The damage thus caused to the foot of the mountain caused it to shake, and the top came off and created Penanggungan as well.
Most visitors will arrive via Indonesia's major gateway airports Denpasar (Bali) or Jakarta. The closest domestic airport is in Surabaya, about 3 hours' drive away. Now there are flights from Jakarta to Malang.
The starting point of the hike is the village of Ranupane. You can get there either via Malang and Tumpang or via Pasuruan/Probolinggo, Sukapura, Ngadisari, and Cemoro Lawang (see Mount Bromo for details on these).
You can take a microbus from Malang to Tumpang, and then a 4WD vehicle from Tumpang to Ranupane. But the latter of the above-mentioned routes is the more interesting because it leads across the 9-km-wide Sand Sea caldera and passes Bromo, a post-caldera cinder cone. A dirt road leads across the flat bottom of the caldera, up to Jemplang on its southern rim, and on to Ranupane. You have take a 4WD vehicle (unless you prefer to walk).
There is accommodation in all the towns and villages mentioned above (including Ranupane).
Location : Java, Indonesia
Prominence : 3,676 m
Coordinates : 8°6′28.8″S 112°55′12″E / 8.108°S 112.92°E / -8.108; 112.92
Type : Stratovolcano (active)
Last eruption : 2008 (continuing)
First ascent : Unknown
Easiest route : hike
Listing : Ultra
Source : Wikipedia
& Wikitravel
0 comments:
Post a Comment